/**
 * OpusSidecar - parser for the per-track Opus seek/setup sidecar artifact.
 *
 * The sidecar is built once at transcode time (wave 18.1, C# `OpusSidecar` /
 * `OggOpusSeekIndex`) and fetched once on track load (wired by wave 18.5). It carries
 * everything the client needs to seek a VBR Opus stream accurately and to decode any
 * mid-stream slice:
 *   - the verbatim OpusHead + OpusTags setup pages (prepended to every post-seek slice),
 *   - the precomputed granule->byte seek index (the exact time->byte transfer function),
 *   - the pre_skip and totals needed for presentation-time math and seek clamping.
 *
 * This module is the byte-for-byte counterpart to the C# serializer. It is pure: it parses
 * a blob into an `OpusSeekData` accelerator with no I/O. Wave 18.5 owns the HTTP fetch and
 * injects the parsed result into `OpusFormatDecoder.setSidecar`.
 *
 * Binary layout (all little-endian), matching DeepDrftContent.Processors.Opus:
 *   [uint32 setupHeaderLength]
 *   [setupHeaderLength bytes  -> OpusHead + OpusTags pages]
 *   [seek-index blob]:
 *     header (24 bytes):
 *       uint64 totalByteLength
 *       double totalDurationSeconds   (pre-skip-corrected)
 *       uint32 pointCount
 *       uint16 preSkip
 *       uint16 reserved
 *     pointCount x 16-byte points:
 *       uint64 granulePosition        (48 kHz sample count)
 *       uint64 byteOffset             (page-start offset in the Opus file)
 */

/** Opus granule positions are always 48 kHz sample counts, regardless of input rate. */
export const OPUS_SAMPLE_RATE = 48000;

/** Size of the seek-index blob header: totalBytes(8) + duration(8) + count(4) + preSkip(2) + reserved(2). */
const SEEK_INDEX_HEADER_SIZE = 24;
/** Size of one serialized seek point: granulepos(8) + byteOffset(8). */
const SEEK_POINT_SIZE = 16;

/** One (granule, byteOffset) seek-index entry. Both are page-start-accurate. */
export interface OpusSeekPoint {
    /** Page end granule position — a 48 kHz sample count. */
    granulePosition: number;
    /** Byte offset of the page start in the Opus file. */
    byteOffset: number;
}

/**
 * Parsed sidecar: the `seekData` accelerator the `OpusFormatDecoder` holds for the stream's
 * lifetime. Holds the setup bytes (for `wrapSegment` carry) and the index (for `calculateByteOffset`).
 */
export interface OpusSeekData {
    kind: 'opus-sidecar';
    /** Verbatim OpusHead + OpusTags pages, prepended to every decodable segment. */
    setupHeaderBytes: Uint8Array;
    /** Ordered (granule, byteOffset) entries, ascending by granule. */
    points: OpusSeekPoint[];
    /** Pre-skip-corrected total stream duration in seconds. */
    totalDurationSeconds: number;
    /** Total Opus file byte length, for clamping a seek past the end. */
    totalByteLength: number;
    /** pre_skip from OpusHead (RFC 7845 §5.1); samples to discard before presentation. */
    preSkip: number;
}

/**
 * Parse a sidecar blob produced by the C# `OpusSidecar.ToBytes`. Returns null on any structural
 * inconsistency (short blob, length prefix overrun, declared point count that does not fit) —
 * the format is exact, so a malformed blob is corruption, not a recoverable shape.
 *
 * Accepts a `Uint8Array`, an `ArrayBuffer`, or a typed-array view; copies nothing it can borrow.
 */
export function parseSidecar(input: Uint8Array | ArrayBuffer | ArrayBufferView): OpusSeekData | null {
    const bytes = toUint8Array(input);
    // DataView over the same backing buffer; honour the view's byteOffset so a borrowed view parses.
    const view = new DataView(bytes.buffer, bytes.byteOffset, bytes.byteLength);

    if (bytes.byteLength < 4) return null;

    const setupLength = view.getUint32(0, true);
    const indexStart = 4 + setupLength;
    // Need the setup region plus at least the index header.
    if (bytes.byteLength < indexStart + SEEK_INDEX_HEADER_SIZE) return null;

    // subarray is zero-copy; setup bytes are retained for wrapSegment for the stream's lifetime.
    const setupHeaderBytes = bytes.subarray(4, indexStart);

    // Seek-index blob header (relative to the DataView, which is bytes-relative).
    const totalByteLength = readUint64(view, indexStart);
    const totalDurationSeconds = view.getFloat64(indexStart + 8, true);
    const pointCount = view.getUint32(indexStart + 16, true);
    const preSkip = view.getUint16(indexStart + 20, true);
    // bytes 22-23: reserved — ignored on read, for forward-compatibility (matches C#).

    const pointsStart = indexStart + SEEK_INDEX_HEADER_SIZE;
    const expectedEnd = pointsStart + pointCount * SEEK_POINT_SIZE;
    if (bytes.byteLength < expectedEnd) return null;

    const points: OpusSeekPoint[] = new Array(pointCount);
    let cursor = pointsStart;
    for (let i = 0; i < pointCount; i++) {
        const granulePosition = readUint64(view, cursor);
        const byteOffset = readUint64(view, cursor + 8);
        points[i] = { granulePosition, byteOffset };
        cursor += SEEK_POINT_SIZE;
    }

    return {
        kind: 'opus-sidecar',
        setupHeaderBytes,
        points,
        totalDurationSeconds,
        totalByteLength,
        preSkip
    };
}

/**
 * Pre-skip-corrected presentation time for a granule position: max(0, (granule - preSkip) / 48000).
 * Matches the C# `OggOpusSeekIndex.PresentationTimeSeconds` so client and server agree on the
 * seek transfer function.
 */
export function presentationTimeSeconds(granulePosition: number, preSkip: number): number {
    return Math.max(0, (granulePosition - preSkip) / OPUS_SAMPLE_RATE);
}

/**
 * Result of resolving a seek time to a page-start byte offset.
 * `byteOffset` is the Range request origin; `landingTimeSeconds` is the actual presentation time of that
 * page (t_page ≤ positionSeconds). The caller uses the delta `positionSeconds - landingTimeSeconds` to
 * trim the decoded leading frames so playback lands at the requested position, not at t_page (AC9).
 */
export interface OpusSeekResolution {
    /** Page-start byte offset to use as the Range request origin (Ogg-sync-aligned). */
    byteOffset: number;
    /**
     * Presentation time of the resolved index page (seconds). Always ≤ positionSeconds. The decoder
     * must trim `(positionSeconds - landingTimeSeconds) * OPUS_SAMPLE_RATE` leading frames so the
     * audible start and the reported clock both land at positionSeconds, not at landingTimeSeconds.
     */
    landingTimeSeconds: number;
}

/**
 * Resolve a seek time (seconds) to a file-absolute, page-start byte offset via the precomputed index —
 * the accurate VBR-safe transfer function (§3.4a A/C). Binary-searches for the largest entry whose
 * presentation time is <= `positionSeconds`. Returns both the page-start byte offset AND the actual
 * landing time of that page, so callers can trim leading decoded frames to land precisely at
 * `positionSeconds` (AC9 fine re-sync). NOT interpolation, NOT byteRate math.
 *
 * With an empty index it degrades to the start of audio (offset == setup-header length, landing == 0).
 *
 * This is the single source of truth for Opus seek-offset math, shared by the seek-beyond-buffer path
 * (AudioPlayer) and any byte-offset resolver. The Range fetch from this offset lands the decoder
 * Ogg-sync-aligned because every indexed offset is a real page start.
 */
export function resolveOpusByteOffset(sidecar: OpusSeekData, positionSeconds: number): OpusSeekResolution {
    const points = sidecar.points;
    if (points.length === 0) {
        return { byteOffset: sidecar.setupHeaderBytes.length, landingTimeSeconds: 0 };
    }

    let lo = 0;
    let hi = points.length - 1;
    let best = 0;
    while (lo <= hi) {
        const mid = (lo + hi) >> 1;
        const t = presentationTimeSeconds(points[mid].granulePosition, sidecar.preSkip);
        if (t <= positionSeconds) {
            best = mid;
            lo = mid + 1;
        } else {
            hi = mid - 1;
        }
    }
    return {
        byteOffset: points[best].byteOffset,
        landingTimeSeconds: presentationTimeSeconds(points[best].granulePosition, sidecar.preSkip)
    };
}

function toUint8Array(input: Uint8Array | ArrayBuffer | ArrayBufferView): Uint8Array {
    if (input instanceof Uint8Array) return input;
    if (input instanceof ArrayBuffer) return new Uint8Array(input);
    return new Uint8Array(input.buffer, input.byteOffset, input.byteLength);
}

/**
 * Read a little-endian uint64 as a JS number. Opus byte offsets and granule positions are exact
 * to 2^53 (~8 PB / ~5,700 years of audio at 48 kHz), far beyond any real file — no BigInt needed,
 * matching the FLAC seektable's same 2^53 assumption.
 */
function readUint64(view: DataView, offset: number): number {
    const lo = view.getUint32(offset, true);
    const hi = view.getUint32(offset + 4, true);
    return hi * 0x100000000 + lo;
}